Buckthorns

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=110 BGCOLOR="#000000" TEXT="#F7F7FF" bgproperties="fixed" background="0b200b00dvldtc.jpg"> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="6" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>Driftless Land Stewardship LLC</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#FFFFCC" FACE="Arial" ><B>    </B></FONT><B> |   </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Driftless Land Stewardship LLC"><U><B>Home</B></U></A><B> </B></div> <div> <A HREF="id23.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Invasive Species Control"><U>Invasive Species Control</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=190 BGCOLOR="#CCCC99" TEXT="#080000" background="043bec00esnpes.png"> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id74.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Garlic Mustard"><U><B>Garlic Mustard</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id31.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Autumn Olive"><U><B>Autumn Olive</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id28.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Crown Vetch"><U><B>Crown Vetch</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id38.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Exotic Honeysuckles"><U><B>Exotic Honeysuckles</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Multiflora Rose"><U><B>Multiflora Rose</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id40.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Aspen"><U><B>Aspen</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id41.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reed Canary Grass"><U><B>Reed Canary Grass</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id42.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wild Parsnip"><U><B>Wild Parsnip</B></U></A></div> <div> <B>Buckthorns</B></div> <div> <A HREF="id44.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Purple Loosestrife"><U><B>Purple Loosestrife</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Spotted Knapweed"><U><B>Spotted Knapweed</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id59.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Black Locust"><U><B>Black Locust</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id60.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Japanese Knotweed"><U><B>Japanese Knotweed</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id61.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Leafy Spurge"><U><B>Leafy Spurge</B></U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" height=370 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> Buckthorns</div> <div> Species: Common,  Glossy</div> <div> Origin: Non-Native</div> <div> Distribution and Commonness: wide-spread, common</div> <div> Habitat: Common Buckthorn in more prevalent uplands, Glossy Buckthorn more prevalent in   wetlands</div> <div> Growth Form: small deciduous tree  </div> <div> Common Vector: birds</div> <bR> <div> Typical control practices:</div> <div> Chemical: basal bark, cut stubble, cut stump, foliar</div> <div> Mechanical: forestry mower, clearing saw, chainsaw</div> <div> Rx fire: seedlings highly susceptible, adults negatively impacted  </div> <div> Biocontrol: grazing offers very limited control</div> <bR> <div> Note: </div> </td> </tr></table></body>